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As the corporate use of private data grows, consumers are more and more interested in protecting the content of their sensitive communications. Many messenger apps offer end-to-end communication, but email remains the most popular method of communication. It’s also the most resilient to being shut down: while Iran is able to shut down Telegram country-wide, shutting down email would be both extremely difficult and prohibitively heavy-handed. Email encryption keeps messages safe from prying eyes.
Manage GPG Keychain configurations. Download Gpg Tools 2011.07.11 for Mac from our website for free. Our built-in antivirus scanned this Mac download and rated it as virus free. The bundle id for Gpg Tools for Mac is com.tomsci.GpgTools. The application.
- Use GPG Suite to encrypt, decrypt, sign and verify files or messages. Manage your GPG Keychain with a few simple clicks and experience the full power of GPG easier than ever before. GPG Mail integrates the full power of GPG seamlessly into macOS Mail. Protecting your emails has never been so simple. GPG Keychain allows you to manage your.
- Keychain Access lets you view the keys, certificates, passwords, account information, notes, or other information stored in a keychain. Open Keychain Access for me. In the Keychain Access app on your Mac, if you don’t see a list of keychains, choose View Show Keychains. Select the keychain that you want to view.
- OpenKeychain helps you communicate more privately and securely. It uses encryption to ensure that your messages can be read only by the people you send them to, others can send you messages that only you can read, and these messages can be digitally signed so the people getting them are sure who sent them. OpenKeychain is based on the well established OpenPGP standard making encryption.
- On macOS you may want to use pinentry-macto have GUI window to enter pin and optionally store pin in keychain. You can install it though Homebrew: brew install pinentry-mac. And enable it with the following line in your /.gnupg/gpg-agent.confconfig (create it if it doesn't exists): pinentry-program /usr/local/bin/pinentry-mac.
For countries with heavy internal surveillance, email encryption is a necessity. Without email encryption, your emails can be spied on by any interested observer. They are sent completely unencrypted, and without additional encryption along the pathway of the message, nothing will be hidden. This article will show how you can encrypt your emails with macOS using PGP and send encrypted emails with Mail.app or any other email client.
Download and Install GPGTools
Download and install GPG Suite from the GPG Tools website. GPG Tools is a long-running open source project based on Pretty Good Privacy or PGP. It’s a reliable source, but you can see for yourself by reviewing the code on their GitHub page.
Generate Your Key Pair
A key pair includes a public and private key. The public key is shared with people who want to contact you. Use your private key to “unlock” received emails. Keep the private key private to ensure your encrypted communications stay secure.
1. The first time you open GPG Suite, you’ll be prompted to generate a key pair. You can also click the “New” icon in the toolbar to start the key pair creation process.
2. Type in the name and email address associated with the email saved in your Mac’s Mail.app. If you’re not using Mail, type in the email address that you’ll use in another client.
3. Create a complex passphrase. You’ll type your passphrase to decrypt encrypted communication. You can use online tools to generate a random passphrase if you can’t think of a good one. Click “Generate Key” when you’re ready.
4. To help GPG create a random key pair, move your mouse around the screen to generate entropy.
Get Public Keys
Before you can send encrypted email to anyone, you’ll need a copy of their public key. With a public key, you can encrypt your email so that only the mathematically associated private key can decrypt it. It’s a two-part process, and you’ll need the public part.
Search public keyservers for shared public keys
1. Click the “GPG Keychain” menu in the menubar and choose “Preferences.”
2. Click the drop-down menu to select a keyserver. This menu can be a little buggy, unfortunately, meaning you may need to select the keyserver multiple times to get it to “go through” properly.
3. Now that you’ve set a keyserver to search, click “Lookup Key” in GPG Keychain or press Command + F to search by recipient name.
4. Check the box next to the most recent recipient key, or the one associated with the email address you want to use. Then click “Retrieve Key” to add that recipient’s public key to your keychain.
Send encrypted e-mails in Mail
With the recipient’s email addresses saved in your GPG Keychain, you can now send them encrypted emails in Mail without much more fuss.
1. Open Mail.app and Compose a new email. Look for the green icon in the upper right. That indicates that OpenPGP is installed and functional within the application.
2. In the “To:” field, type in an email address associated with a public key in your GPG Keychain.
3. Make sure the lock icon turns blue to indicate encryption is functional.
If it doesn’t change, click the icon. If it still doesn’t change, make sure you’ve typed the email address correctly and that you have that specific email address and domain saved in your GPG Keychain.
The check icon next to the lock indicates that you signed the email with your public key. This verifies that the email came from you and was not altered in transit.
Using Other Apps
You can also use other applications to send an email. Encrypt the text of the email with GPG in a text editor, then send that encrypted block in your preferred email client.
Setting up your context menu
1. Open Keyboard in System Preferences and click the “Shortcuts” tab.
2. Click on “Services” in the menu on the left.
3. Scroll down to the “Text” section of the services menu, and look for the services prefixed by OpenPGP. They’re in alphabetical order.
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4. Tick the boxes next to the following:
- OpenPGP: Decrypt Selection
- OpenPGP: Encrypt Selection
- OpenPGP: Sign Selection
You can turn off the other OpenPGP services to keep your context menu tidy.
Composing and Encrypting Email
Before you begin, make sure you have your recipient’s PGP key downloaded in GPG Keychain.
1. Write the text of your email in your email client or text editing window.
2. Select the text of your email. Right-click and choose “OpenPGP: Sign Selection” from the “Services” menu.
3. Select everything, including the PGP key at the bottom of your email. Right-click and choose “OpenPGP: Encrypt Selection” from the “Services” menu.
4. Choose the recipient from your keychain.
5. Send the entire text block to the recipient.
Decrypting Emails
Decrypt emails outside Mail with GPGTools’ context menu tools.
1. Copy the encrypted text into a plain text editor like TextEdit.
2. Select the entire text of the encrypted email, including —BEGIN PGP MESSAGE— and —END PGP MESSAGE—.
3. Right-click on the encrypted text and choose “OpenPGP: Decrypt Selection” from the “Services” menu.
4. Enter your passphrase to decrypt the email.
You might also like the following posts:
How Do Encryption Algorithms Keep You Safe Online?
Boot Option Shortcut Keys Cheatsheet for macOS
This feature was introduced in version 3.5 of Tower for Mac.Tower offers seamless support for GPG. Read on to find out what exactly you can do with GPG in Tower and find a list of Frequetly Asked Questions.
What is GPG?
GPG is a collection of tools that allow signing and encrypting of data using asymmetric cryptography (with public / private keys). Git uses GPG to sign and verify commits and tags. With such a signature, you can easily verify that a commit (or tag) was really made by a specific user.
Installing & Configuring GPG
- We recommend installing GPG Tools from its website. This ensures a valid configuration that works well with Tower. If you install GPG via homebrew or other ways, you should make sure that you have set up the
gpg-agent
andpinentry-program
helpers correctly. You should also addno-tty
anduse-agent
to~/.gnupg/gpg.conf
if these values are missing there. - After installing GPG on your machine, you need to configure the GPG binary in Tower. Open the Preferences dialog and select it on the 'Git Config' tab.
What Can You Do With GPG in Tower?
Verifying Signed Commits
Tower indicates directly in its History views if a commit was signed or not. On top of that, you can also see the signature status (green / orange / red) and access additional information through a popover window.
Verifying Signed Tags
Apart from commits, you can also verify the signatures for tags in Tower. Either right-click on the tag in the sidebar or directly click it in one of the commit views.
Setting & Managing Keys
You can easily select / set / switch keys in Tower:
- in the global configuration, in Tower's Preferences dialog
- in a specific repository, by selecting the 'Settings' item in the sidebar of an open repository
- in Tower's User Profiles
Signing Commits
You can configure if you want Tower to automatically sign new commits - either just in a certain repository or globally. This is not limited to just committing, but also includes actions like merge, revert, cherry-pick, and rebase.
Signing Tags
Apart from commits, you can also sign tags. The 'Create New Tag' dialog contains a checkbox for this.
Frequently Asked Questions
I have a GPG key but signing fails due to a missing password. What can I do?
The password of the key must be stored in Keychain so that GPG can access it. This works by default if you install GPG tools from the website (https://gpgtools.org). The default installation also configures the pinentry-mac program, which displays a password input dialog if a password is required and provides the option to save it into the Keychain.
~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf
has a pinentry-program
key that is used to specify the location of the pinentry program. The default installation uses /usr/local/MacGPG2/libexec/pinentry-mac.app/Contents/MacOS/pinentry-mac
. You can also download this program via homebrew: brew install pinentry-mac
. Make sure to configure it in the aforementioned config file.How can I add a GPG key if I have none?
You can do so in the repository settings in the sidebar. Make sure a repository user is configured and then select 'Create GPG Key…' from the GPG Key Popup Button menu. You can do the same for the global user in the 'Git Config' tab of Tower's Preferences.
I selected 'No GPG Key' in the repository settings, but the selection always resets to a key.
A global GPG key may be configured in the Git preferences. Running linux app on mac os other han fink. This key is effective for the repository and would be used, which is why you are seeing it here. Try also setting the global user GPG key to 'No GPG Key' in the Git preferences.
I want to create a GPG key but the 'Create GPG Key' menu item is disabled.
Tower found a key that matches the email address of your current Git user (either global or repository level). You have to change your Git user email address to one that does not already have an associated GPG key.
You should use GPG Keychain if you need advanced key management features.
You should use GPG Keychain if you need advanced key management features.
How can I sign tags?
There is a checkbox in the 'Create Tag' dialog and the dialogs for finishing release and hotfix branches via git-flow. Your preference is remembered across app launches. Signed tags are annotated tags which require a message.
You can select the key that should be used to sign the tag via the popup button below the checkbox. If a GPG key is configured it is preselected.
How can I sign commits?
Enable signing either in the GPG section of the repository settings or the global git config in the application preferences and make sure you have a GPG key selected. Signing is automatic from there on.
How can I verify commit signatures?
A status indicator appears in the history for each commit that has a signature. You can click on it to view signature details.
How can I verify tag signatures?
There are two ways to show the signature of a tag:
(a) Just click on the tag badge in the history or the detail view
(b) Right-click the tag in the sidebar and choose 'Show GPG Signature…'
(a) Just click on the tag badge in the history or the detail view
(b) Right-click the tag in the sidebar and choose 'Show GPG Signature…'
What do the colors of the status indicator mean?
- Green: Signature Good
- Yellow: There is an issue with the signature, click the indicator to read a status message in the popover.
- Red: Signature Bad
I am colorblind and cannot differentiate the status colors, what can I do?
Turn on the accessibility setting
Differentiate without color
in System Preferences > Accessibility > Display
. Tower respects this setting and will draw the bad signature status indicator with a square instead of a circle and the warning signature status with a triangle instead of a circle.My keys are not shown when clicking the button, why is that?
Make sure you have a GPG binary configured. Restart Tower if the keys still don't show up.
All GPG status indicators in the history are yellow, why is that?
You haven't trusted any of the keys that have been used to sign the commits. This means that verifying the commit leads to status 'Unknown Validity'. See the next question for a solution.
A / my signature is shown with status 'Unknown Validity'. How can I change that?
You can open GPG Keychain, show details for the key and use the context menu to accredit it (by signing it with your private key). Make sure that you verify the key fingerprint with the author of the commit or tag before trusting it.
Gpg Keychain Mac App Installer
A signature is shown with status 'Cannot Be Checked' and shows no name or avatar, just the key fingerprint and the status. How can I change that?
The commit was signed with a private key and you don't have the associated public key in your keyring. Usually the public key is downloaded automatically in these cases, but it may fail sometimes. You can search for and download the public key in GPG Keychain by using the hash from the popover.
You can add
You can add
auto-key-retrieve
to ~/.gnupg/gpg.conf
to enable the automatic behavior.A signature is shown without a GPG key fingerprint, why is that?
GPG support in Tower requires Git 2.20 or newer. The options to read the fingerprints from signatures are not available in older versions.
What does 'Verify GPG Signatures' in Merge/Pull dialogs do?
Git checks the signature of the tip commit of the commits that should be merged. If the commit does not have a valid signature, the operation is aborted. If there are signatures with unknown validity, you may have to go into GPG Keychain (or the command line) and adjust the trust value of the associated public keys. Make sure that you verify the key with the author of the commit or tag before trusting it.
Gpg Keychain App
I use a subkey for signing but it does not appear in the GPG keys menu!
We don't support subkeys at the moment.
Loading the GPG status in the history takes really long. What can I do?
Verifying commits is an expensive operation, because Git has to call
gpg --verify
for each commit with a signature. You can improve loading times by reducing the maximum number of commits Tower loads in a batch (see the 'Number of commits in history' option in the 'General' tab of Tower's Preferences).A likely cause for really long loading times is, that you don't have the associated public key for the GPG signature of some commits and Git / GPG is unable to download them. In this case the verification of the signatures is really slow (you can also verify this on the command line).
Gpg Keychain Mac
To solve this problem you can do one of the following:
Gpg Keychain Mac Download
- Find the commits with yellow status indicator and 'Cannot Be Checked' status, copy the key fingerprint and download the public key in GPG Keychain.
- Disable 'Verify GPG Signatures' in the history view settings